Machine fob dressing stone



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ABIJAI-I SMITH, OF KINGSTON, NEV YORK.

MACHINE FOR DRESSING STONE.

Specification of Letters Patent N o. 30,504, dated October 23, 1860.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, ABIJAH SMITH, of Kingston, in the county of Ulster and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for Planing, Sawing, Rubbing, and Polishing Stone, `Marble, Glass, and other Materials; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, refer ence being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specication, in which- Figure l is a plan or top view of the ma chine. Figs. 2 and 3, are views of the planers or rubbers which I use in connection therewith. Fig. 4 is a saw. Figs. 5, G, and 7 are blocks or frames to which saws are to be attached when bent for the purpose of cutting circular lines. Fig. 8, is a section of my planers when used on a circular bed, stationary or movable. Fig. 9, is a series of such sections, which when in sufficient number will form a perfect circular bed which may be used either stationary and have the stone dragged over it, or may be secured to a revolving bed, such as is commonly used for rubbing stone etc., and which form a part of the machine herein described.

In constructing the various parts of Fig. l, take two pieces of timber, four by siX inches and thirty or forty feet long, more or less, and secure them about thirteen to twenty feet apart and parallel to each other. The upper surface of these timbers Y, Z, should be about one foot from the floor, more or less, according to the work to be performed, which arrangement may be accomplished by putting short pieces of timber under each end, and as many similar pieces of timber at intermediate points as may be found necessary to give permanency and secure them in their relative positions.

l Across these timbers Y, Z, Fig. l, a shaft W is laid, having proper bearings thereon at c, Z), At oneend of this shaft W, a crank is attached, from which a rod c, connects with a beam A consisting of a piece of hard wood of suticient length to reach across from timber Z, Fig. 1, over and beyond timber Y, which beam A, being secured at or near one end to the timber Z, by means of a pivot or pin, at the point f, Fig. l, which serves as a fulcrum, when the beam is caused to move with a vibratory motion, by the connecting rod c Fig. l, when the shaft W is set in motion, for the crank K, Fig. l, will push forward the vibratory beam A until the crank is in an opposite position, when it will gradually draw the beam A back to its former position, and so on alternately, so long as the crank shaft WV revolves.

By means of a connecting rod d attached to the beams A and B Fig. l, (which beam B must be secured near one end to the timber Z, with a pin or pivot at f, similar to the manner in which beam A is secured) a like vibratory motion will be given to beam B, and by means of another connecting rod e Fig. 1, attached to the beams B and C, a like vibratory motion will be given to the said beam O, secured at the point f to the timber Z in the same manner that the beams A and B are secured, that is by means of a pivot or pin. To these vibratory beams A, B, C, Fig. l may be attached as many rubber-beams as the work to be performed may require or permit. The rubber-beam D Fig. l, is attached to the vibratory beam A at the point g by means of a pivot or pin passing through each in such a manner that a free motion is permitted, at the other end of this rubberbeam D, a rubber is attached, in such a manner as to secure it firmly to the beam D; a rod F Fig. l, of proper length, connects the rubber-beam D, to the lever E, at the point z' by being bent at each end so as to enter the holes prepared for their reception at the points z' and y' Fig. l.

The use of the rod F, Fig. l, is to keep the rubber-beam D parallel to the timber Z and the rubber H at such a distance from the same as will cause its action to be upon any part of the surface required to be acted upon and which may be varied at pleasure by means of the lever E, which will cause the rubber H, to change its position upon the surface being rubbed, and also permit any part of the surface of the stone M to be acted upon that may be required, thereby avoiding the necessity of making the face of the rubber H as wide as the surface acted upon, and at the same time avoid action upon any part of the surface not requiring such action.

To the vibratory beam A may be attached as many rubber-beams as may be desired and the room will permit, as shown at a, 0, Fig. l, with the necessary connecting rods line of motion described by therubber,.andF

the farther the point of attachment isV from the point f the longer Will be the line gf motion described^b^y thrubbr,`^g, and s" being attached at one end of stationary points' the 'timber tZ` the'jrubbe'rs will in 'consequence move-over' the same parts ofthe stone continuallyjl v'The' vibratory'fb'eams A, Band C .inl'Fig hl, I make "of hard Wood, 'two' inches Vthick and 'six inches Wide and of sufficient' length Lto r`'extend' from vtimber "Z 'over and across timber Y, on'fvvhich timber'theyslideback 'andforthf They-'must be perforatedfnear oneendfor the; reception. of fthe'p'in'Vthat f` attaches them, tofthe'timberZ atthel points j", fyresp'ectively,:andthe beams"A,.B and 'C must alsobe perforated at such points vas 'may' be necessary for the attachmentofv the rubber-beams in number, as many as maybe ,rqured V'The rubbers 'Which'fusa' and lto which 'allusion'has been made, 'are' constructed in 'such a manner as yto vallovv the sand and Water' to vpass to the surface'to be'acted'upon,

" .and .consist of a series of 'alternate barsof metal, 5,5, '5, 155,5, b, 6, Z2', Figs. 2 and 3, one inch Wide more or less, and the'interm'ediate spaces, indicated 'by' the dots and marked a, a, a, a, a, a', a, a, a, a, half an inch Wide, more or less,into which spaces a suitable'quantity of sand and Water must be permitted to pass While in'motion. These Vbars 5, Z, b, I), b, b, YZ), b,b,may'run directly across the face of the' rubber, at right anglestoA the sides,as in Fig.' 2, oryat any desired angle, as inA Fig. 3. *,The number oflthes'e 'bars and intermediate spaces in each rubber Will depend upon'the lengtho'f theV rubber required. I use them ordinarily for the 4common runof'vvorkV about'thirtyor forty inclnesin length and fifteen to4 tWenty'inches in Width, but for very long surfaces they Will require to be proportionately longer and as the rubber'cuts constantly Where it touches, While in motion, it must be proportionedl to I 'the length of the surface'to be acted upon,

and the length of the stroke given to 1t by the rubber-beam D Fig. 1. lfthe rubber is less than the length of the surface rubbed there is a liability of a portion of that surface beingv constantly under the cutting operation of therubber and another portion of the same surface being comparatively Vless under its action during each stroke, and

' -consequently an inequality of reduction of the VWhole surface by the rubber. vThe rubber therefore must'be made short and the surface acted upon, and the sweep conibin'edjlhese results canvbe*changedatgpleasure'by-a correspdnding change in' the point of "connection of'the vibratory bea'invA and the rubber-beam D, Fig. l, as before de- 'sc'ribed'.

r Fgr saWing ustone or marble, I use a. strip 'of viron or "other metal varying in length vaccording to the Width of the stone to be savved`"Tli'ese @strips ofiron, Fig. 4L, are about four inches Wide, more or *less* and serrated or toothed' 'on 'the `cutting edge. Thesete'eth n, aya, a, a, fw, d, a, a, u, a, a,^Fig. 4,"ar'e 'about van inch 'and they 'spaces 'notched out about 'half an inchfmore or less. Vihen in' action the saw must be fed lvvithsan'd and f .Water in'xproperr 'quantities' 'The spaces 'betvveen the'teeth nzyare thereby keptrfull of sand,l which vraccelerates the cutting, with but little j if'any'increase` of power. These Vsavvs' should'be fas .thinma's' practicable'cn account *of the" Waste', Which 'valuable 'materiail suft'ers'from a Wide saw kerf,"at'the Y same time it must be 0f sufficient thickness -t'o insure 'strength enough.` f These saws must 'beV- secured' .in a` lsuitable f-framefand. 'when fl Y designed'tocut' curved lines,"must be vbent to'thedesired curvefand beattac'hed toa vblock or' frarneFigs.y 5,'6, 7,havingthe "proper curve ontheir face, and these are to be yattached to the vibratory beam C, Fig.- 1,

.at such'a'point b,"as'Will make the-radius of the line of motion correspond to the radius of'the curve'to which the saw is bent.A`

'The'vertical'shaft-X,fFig. lis designed to' carry' a@ cutter" on its' lovvenend for 'the 'purpose' `of forming circular grooves, "rosettes'et'cr The `cutters may bej made of cast iron ofY such' 'form a s. Will give the pattern designed; grooved onthe face, as indi- .cated in Fig. 10, bythe' dottedl-ines, across .to the'pattern, which sand andvvaterY are to be .supplied'through holes extending from -the top to the grooves lbefore named. g'

vOn the upper end ofthe vertical shaft X be usedvvhenV a 'greater sweepn is required thanY is available from the crankv K onthe shaft W, Fig. 1, Which crank Aniaybevaried, lby'using .a :movable 1 pin 'and placing it` at a greater or lessdistance from'the center,

.vhich tools 'maybe made' of `lcastiron and grooved and pierced infm'anner likethose described for the cutting circular indentartions, also forV sawing blocks into slabs', 'or

Yhave a long sweepV or they must be equalt'o slabs into'piecesof an'ypartieulai` length.

115 'Fig-1, ajcrank may be attached, which may In the application of my rubbers and polishers to the useful arts, a great variety of patterns may be produced, and the machine is applicable not only to ordinary free stone, marble, blue and grey flagstone, but also to abrading and polishing glass and other substances Where friction by rubbing is required.

For the purpose of reducing the expense of rubbing and polishing large surfaces, columns, etc., of marble, stone, or other material, my machine offers an etlcient substitute for hand labor, not only in the act of polishing but also in making indentations cutting moldings, beads, and other regular devices thereon.

ABIJAH SMITH.

Attest:

JOHNS HoLLrNesHnAD, M. NoYEs. 

